Hydrocarbon motor



Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- INVENTOR.

L. 'BLACKMORE.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 1917-.

Patented Mar. 21, 31922.

- 2 SHEETSSHEET 2,

I N VEN TOR.

warren. STATES PATENT- oFFics.

LLOYD BLACKMORE, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO, GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE HYDROCARIBON MOTOR.

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LnoYo BLACKMORE', a subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident of Detroit, Wayne County, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in -Hydrocarbon Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in hydro-carbon motors and more particularly to temperature regulating systems and apparatus therefor.

It is customary practice in connection with hydrocarbon motors as used in motor vehicles to thermostatically regulate the direction and extent of flow of the cooling medium about and through the cylinder jacket and the radiator as used in connection therewith. It is also known to alter the flow of air through and about the radiator, by wholly or partially screening the front. It has also been known to modify the action of the fan and thus regulate the amount of air induced through the radiator and about the motor. Adaptations and installations of different mechanisms for the above purposes, however, have been quite crude and inefficient, requiring in many instances, manual co-operation for proper functioning, and to provide aproper and efiicient temperature regulating system, it is necessary and important that the several functions of the circulating medium temperature regulating apparatus, the radiator and the fan I operate conjunctively and in a positive and sure manner, with a minimum use of motor power.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a motor which will attain an efficient working temperature within a minimum period of time, particularly under low tem perature climatic conditions.

Another object of the invention is to normally provide a heat retaining housing for the motor and parts.

Another object of the invention is to provide a positively operated mechanism, for regulating the temperature of the circulatingi medium.

Another object of the invention is to utilize a minimum amount of motor power for operating the temperature control mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to mini- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Ma. 21, 1922.

Application filed October 1, 1917. Serial No. 194,184.

mize the wear on the temperature regulating mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to de-.

vide a means for retaining the heat of a hydro-carbon motor, for a maximum inoperative period of time.

These and other objects will more clearly appear from the following description taken n connection with" the accompanyin drawlngs which form a part of this specification and in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the front portion of a hydrocarbon motor, showing the invention applied thereto.

Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional elevation of the upper portion of the radiator and parts operatively connected thereto, and

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view on the line 3-3 in Figure 2.

Referring to the drawings, a hydrocarbon motor 10 is shown as representative of any type and having the water jacket 11 surrounding the cylinders 12 and the pistons 13 arranged therein and connected by the rods 14 with the crankshaft 15.

The temperature regulating system comprises the radiator 16 having the radiating tubes 17 vertically arranged therein and connected to the water jacket by the upper pipe 18 and the lower pipe 19 as customary, said tending horizontally across the radiator tubes and pivoted as on the stud pins 24 projecting from the side frame of the radiator. The plates 23 are interconnected for unitary operation as by the rod 25 pivotally secured to'the lugs 26 extending from each plate. The plates 23 are normally held in their closed position as shown in Figure 1 as by the toggle 27 secured at one end to a plate as at 28 and having the other end secured to a lug 29 extending outwardly from the radiator tubes. The center joint of the toggle 27 is pivotally secured to the outer end of a rod 30 which extends through a cylindrical bushing 3l) provided in the center of the radiator and between the tubes. said bushing having "an inwardly flanged inner end and a compressed spiral spring 31 encircling the rod 30 and abutting the flanged inner end of the bushing and a washer 32 on the rod immediately next to the toggle whereby a continuous outward pressure is made on the toggle tending to close the shutter plates 23 to the position shown in Figure 1; automatic means being provided as hereinafter fully explained for drawing inwardly on the rod 30 and opening the shutter blades as shown in Figure 2.

A fan shaft 33 is-fixedly mounted on the front of the motor and projects outwardly towards the rod 30 and has a sleeve 34 rotatably mounted thereon, said sleeve having an enlarged inner bore toward the outer end whereby the outer end of the shaft 33 may be enlarged as at 35 to retain said sleeve thereon. The sleeve 31 is threaded at the outer end and has a fan I16 mounted thereon and retained in position as by the nut 37.

Mounted on the inner side of the fan 36 as on the pins 38 extending between the lugs 39 are a pair of centrifugal arms 40 having the weights 41 at their outer ends and the inner ends provided with rollers 42 pm jecting inwardly through slots -l3 in the sleeve and bearing against the enlarged inner end 43 of the rod 30, said rod being provided with an anti-friction ball race 44 between said rollers 42 and the enlarged end of the rod 30.

By the above described connection it will be understood that the fan when rotated will cause the centrifugal arms to operate, throwing the weights out and moving the inner ends with the rollers against the enlarged inner end or he rod 30, whereby said rod is drawn inwardly against the-action of the spring 31 and opens the shutter blades to the position as shown in Fig. 2.

The sleeve 34 is operatively connected with the motor as by a sprocket 44' secured on the c 'ankshait 15 and connected by the sprocket chain 45 with a sprocket 46 for driving a cam shaft 47 and a sprocket 48 mounted next to the sprocket l6 and con nected by a sprocket chain 49 with the sprocket 50 rotatably mounted on the sleeve 34 between a collar 51 secured on said sleeve at the inner end thereof and a cone clutch member 52 having a splined tit on said sleeve and held as by a spiral spring 53 into trictional contact with the similarly formed cone face 54 of the sprocket 50.

The cone clutch member 52 may be moved from engagement with the sprocket 50 and thereby stop rotation of the fan as by a thermostat The thermostat is enclosed in a casing. 56 having an inlet port 57 connected to the outlet of the water jacket 11. side outlet ports 58 connected with the radiator inlet pipe 18 and a bottom by-pass port 59 connected as by a pipe 59 with the inlet side of the circulating pump 20. The thermostat is anchored at the top of the valve casing as by a screw and nut 60 and has the lower end fitted with a valve 61, having side outlet ports 62. registering with the ports 58 in the casing, whereby when the tempering fluid, such as water, surrounding the motor is at a comparatively low temperature, the thermostat will be contracted and raise the valve to permit the flow of liquid through the by-pass pipe, until such time as the motor heats up-the liquid and it it requires tempering by cooling, the thermostat will have expanded and seated the valve to close the by-pass port and permit the liquid to pass to the radiator.

Simultaneously with the action of the thermostat in directing liquid through'the radiator it is desirable to open the radiator shutters and operate the fanand likewise when the liquid is being directed through the by-pass it is desirable to close the shutters in front of the radiator and also stop the fan both to stop the cooling efl'ect thereof and to eliminate the necessary power for operating the. fan. This is accomplished as by a bell crank clutch lever 63, arranged as on a pin 6 1, in the casing 65 enclosing the sprocket drive, said clutch lever having one arm contacting with a flange on the cone clutch member 52, to move the same outwardly from the normal spring held engaging position, and the other arm pivoted to a link rod 65', secured at its upper end to the thermostat rod 67, which extends't'rom the valve end of the thermostat. through a packing gland 68. y

Thus it will be understood that the thermostat, in addition to operating the valve for directing the flow of tempering fluid throughout the circulating system, will also control the operative connections of the tan with the motor, that is, when the thermostat is contracted and the circulating tempering fluid permitted to circulate through the by-pass, the clutch lever will have been moved to disengage the clutch, the fan will have stopped rotating and the shutter screen will have been closed, until the tempering liquid has reached an efficient temperature for the, operation of the motor, and any further rise in temperature will cause the thermostat to expand, and direct the flow of tempering fluid through the radiator, and coincidently move the clutch lever and connect lli Eli

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the sprocket with the clutch to operate the fan and according to the speed of rotation of the fan, the shutter screen will be opened and a corrc onding cooling effect created about the radiator and the motor.

While l have described and will claim the preferred embodiment of my invent-ion, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications and changes may be made without departing from'the spirit and scope of the invention and its objects.

Having thus described my invention, what if claim and desire to secure by Letters Patcut is:

l, in combination, a hydrocarbon motor, a temperature regulating system connected with said motor and, including a radiator, a shutter adjacent said radiator, air supply means directly operated by said motor, and

\ thermostatic means co-operating with said air supply means for controlling the operation of said shutter.

2, in combination, a hydrocarbon motor, a temperature regulating system connected with said motor and including a radiator, a shutter adjacent said radiator, air supply means directly operated by said motor, and thermostatic means co-operating with said air supply means for operating said shutter only when said motor is running.

3. In combination with a hydrocarbon motor having a cooling system including a radiator through which air may flow; shutter mechanism associated with said radiator and adapted to control the flow of air therethrough in accordance with the cooling effect required for satisfactory operation of the motor; air supplying means dependent upon the operation of the motor associated with said shutter mechanism to control the same; and means dependent upon a reduction in speed of the motor below a predetermined minimum speed for causing said shutter mechanism to act so as to arrest the flow of air through said radiator.

ln comlhination with a hydrocarbon motor having a cooling system including a, radiator through which air may flow; shutter mechanism associated with said radiator and adapted to control the dew of air therethrough, and which shutter mechanism acts interrupt the how of air through said radiator when the motor is at rest; and thermally controlled air supply means depending upon the operation of the .motor for varialoly operating said shutter mechanism so to permit a variable and regulated flow oi air through said radiator when the motor in operation.

5., in combination. with a hydrocarbon motor having a cooling system wherein air is caused to flow past a part to be cooled, shutter mechanism for controlling the flow of air past said part; and thermally controlled air supplying means the operation of which is dependent upon the cessation of op eration of the motor for closing said shutter mechanism to thereby prevent the flow of air past said port 6. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor, of a primary temperature regulating medium, a secondary temperature regulating medium, and centrifugally and thermostatically operated means for controlling the activities of said mediums.

7. In combination, a hydrocarbon motor, a temperature regulating system connected with said motor and including a radiator, a shutter adjacent said radiator, a fan and friction means operatively connected with said motor and nullified by stoppage thereof for controlling the action of said shutter and said fan.

8. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor, having a temperature regulating system connected therewith and including a radiator, of a radiator shutter mechanism, a fan, means operatively connecting said motor and said fan, means operatively depend ent upon said fan for opening and closing said shutter mechanism, and thermostatic means operatively included in said temperature regulating system for controlling the operative connection between said fan and said motor.

9. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor having a temperature regulating system connected therewith and including a radiator, of a shutter mechanism arranged to partially screen said radiator, a temperature controlled centrifugal device operatively connected to said motor for controlling the position of said shutter mechanism, and means for closing said shutter mechanism when the motor stops.

10. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor having a temperature regulating system connected therewith and including a radiator, of a shutter mechanism arranged to partially screen said radiator, a centrifugal device operatively connected to said motor and controlling the position of said shutters, and thermostatic means included in said temperature regulating system for controlling the connection between said centrifugal means and said motor.

ll. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor, having a temperature regulating systern connected therewith and including a radiator, of a plurality of plates pivotally arranged and interconnected to form a shut ter screen for said radiator, a tube extending through said radiator, a rod extending through said tube, toggle connections hetween the outer end of said rod and said radiator shutter plates, a spiral spring contained within said-tube and surrounding said. rod to exert normal outward pressure on said toggle and move said shutter plates to closed position upon stoppage of said motor,

and thermostatic means included in said temperature regulating system for moving said rod to open said shutter plates.

12.- The combination with a hydrocarbon motor, having a temperature regulating system connected therewith and including a radiator, of a plurality of plates pivotally arranged and interconnected to form a shutter screen for said radiator, a tube extending through said radiator, a rod extending through said tube, toggle connections between the outer end of said rodand said radiator shutter plates, a spiral spring contained Within said tube and surrounding said rod to exert a normal outward pressure on said toggle to hold said shutter plates in closed position, and centrifugally operated means connected to said motor for actuating s id rod to open said shutter platea.

13. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor, having a temperature regulating system connected therewith and including a radiator, of a plurality of plates pivotally arranged and interconnected to form a shutter screen for said radiator, a fan shaft, a fan, rotatably mounted on said fan shaft, a sprocket rotatably mounted on said fan shaft and operatively connected to said motor, a. friction drive mechanism between said an and said sprocket, thermostatic means included in said temperature regulating sys tem, for operatively controlling said friction drive mechanism and centrifugal means operated on the revolving of said fan to alter the position of said shutter plates.

In testimony whereof I aiiix'my signature.

LLOYD BLAOKMORE, 

